Oral Steroids: Types And Side Effects

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Health topics
Understanding oral steroids is essential for managing health conditions effectively.

Healthy living
Maintaining a balanced lifestyle can help mitigate some risks associated with steroid use.

Managing conditions
Oral steroids are often prescribed to manage chronic or severe inflammatory conditions.

Medicine information
This section provides detailed insights into the classification and usage of oral steroids.

Tests and investigations
Regular monitoring may be required to assess the impact of steroid therapy on the body.

GP practice services
General practitioners play a key role in prescribing and overseeing steroid treatment plans.

Pharmacy services
Pharmacists can offer guidance on proper medication use and potential interactions.

Medical tools and resources
Access to reliable information is crucial for informed decision-making regarding oral steroids.

Medical professional hub
Healthcare professionals rely on accurate data to tailor steroid treatment to individual needs.

Professional articles
Current research and clinical guidelines support the safe use of oral steroids in medical practice.

Oral steroids
This article focuses on the types, uses, dosages, and potential side effects of oral steroid medications.

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In this article:
The following sections explore key aspects of oral steroid therapy and its implications.

What is an oral steroid?
Oral steroids are synthetic medications that mimic natural hormones to reduce inflammation and suppress immune responses.

Types of oral steroids
Common types include prednisolone, dexamethasone, and hydrocortisone, each with distinct properties and applications.

What are oral steroids used for?
Treatment of conditions such as asthma, arthritis, allergies, and autoimmune diseases often involves these medications.

What is the dose for oral steroids?
Dosage varies based on the condition, severity, and individual response, typically starting at a low level and adjusting as needed.

How long are oral steroids used?
Treatment duration depends on the medical condition but may range from short-term to prolonged use under supervision.

When should I take oral steroids?
Timing is often determined by the specific medication and the patient’s schedule, with instructions to follow a prescribed regimen.

Side-effects of oral steroids
Prolonged or improper use can lead to various adverse effects requiring careful management.

'Thinning' of the bones (osteoporosis)
Long-term steroid use increases the risk of bone loss and fractures, necessitating preventive measures.

Weight gain
Steroids can alter metabolism, leading to fluid retention and increased appetite, contributing to weight changes.

Increased chance of infections
Suppression of the immune system raises susceptibility to viral, bacterial, or fungal infections.

Increase in blood pressure
Steroids may cause fluid retention and vasoconstriction, elevating blood pressure levels.

High blood sugar (hyperglycaemia)
Prolonged use can impair glucose regulation, requiring monitoring for diabetes risk.

Skin problems
Thinning skin, bruising, and delayed wound healing are common side effects of steroid therapy.

Muscle weakness
Long-term use may lead to muscle atrophy or reduced strength, affecting physical function.

Mood and behavioural changes
Steroids can influence emotional stability, causing irritability, anxiety, or depressive symptoms.

An increased risk of developing cataracts
Prolonged use may contribute to lens clouding, necessitating regular eye check-ups.

An increased risk of duodenal ulcers and stomach ulcers
Steroids can irritate the gastrointestinal lining, increasing ulcer risk and requiring protective measures.

Who cannot take oral steroids?
Patients with certain conditions, such as active infections or severe osteoporosis, may need alternative treatments.

How do I stop oral steroids?
Sudden discontinuation can lead to adrenal insufficiency, requiring a gradual tapering process under medical guidance.

When not to stop taking oral steroids suddenly
Stopping abruptly may trigger withdrawal symptoms or exacerbate the underlying condition.

Why is it necessary to reduce the dose gradually before stopping oral steroids?
A slow reduction allows the adrenal glands to recover and resume normal function without shock.

Other important points about oral steroids
Adherence to prescribed instructions, regular monitoring, and open communication with healthcare providers are critical for safe use.

Can I take other medicines when I am taking steroids?
Some medications may interact with steroids, requiring dosage adjustments or alternative therapies.

What should I do if I am taking one of the medicines which interact with oral steroids?
Consult a healthcare professional to review potential interactions and manage risks effectively.

Can I take oral steroids if I am pregnant or breastfeeding?
Pregnancy and lactation require careful consideration, as steroid use may impact fetal or infant health.

Further reading and references
Additional resources provide in-depth information on steroid therapy and related medical guidelines.

Article history
This content is regularly reviewed to ensure accuracy and relevance for current medical practices.